The Main Library of the Medical University of Bialystok, situated in the Branicki Palace, was established in June of 1950. The University Library is responsible for providing traditional library services, assisting with students' education and facilitating scientific research. It is currently the largest medical library in northeastern Poland, servicing the Podlasie and Warmia-Mazuria provinces.

The Library stores and allows access to books, newspapers, magazines, journals, and special collections for the academic community and general public. Books can be borrowed from the lending library, or read on the premises in the student reading room. The library is also equipped with computers and copying devices to aid students with their work. Modern techniques concerning the dissemination and distribution of electronic information are continually being introduced.

The Library's Information Division provides library users with assistance in searching for literature or bibliographic sources. First year students undergo a course of instruction on how to use the library and it's resources.

Library resources cover the following areas: medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, medical analytics, public health, nursing, dietetics and physiotherapy, as well as related disciplines, such as: biology, biochemistry, physics, sociology, pedagogy. In addition to books, library users also have access to scientific and popular medical periodicals, daily magazines, and local, regional and national publications.

Since 1996, information about the University Library and its resources has been available on the internet, and the online library catalogue is updated and developed within the integrated library system ALEPH 330.